God’s “kingdom” is referenced throughout the Scriptures, and it is clearly a kingdom that presently rules over all creation (cf. 1 Chronicles 29:11; Psalm 103:19, 145:11ff.; Jeremiah 10:7ff.; Daniel 4:3, 34; John 19:11; Acts 17:24; Revelation 4:2ff.). However, there are also many messianic references to an eschatological kingdom that is established on the earth based in Jerusalem (cf. Psalm 2:6ff.; Isaiah 9:7; Daniel 2:44, 7:14; Matthew 8:11, 20:21; Luke 22:30; 2 Peter 1:11; Revelation 11:15).

This distinction has been the source of much controversy, which is simply resolved by distinguishing between the two primary thrones of creation: one in the height of the heavens (cf. Psalm 2:4, 113:5; Isaiah 40:22, 66:1) and one delegated to mankind on the earth (cf. Genesis 1:26ff.; Psalm 8:4ff., 115:16). Thus, when referencing the “kingdom,” we need to delineate between God’s “universal kingdom,” ruling over all creation from everlasting to everlasting, and the Jewish “messianic kingdom,” to be established upon the earth at the end of the age establishing a glorified Davidic throne and restoring the original Adamic order.

However, the particular phrase, “kingdom of God,” which does not occur in the Hebrew Bible, needs to be understood as Jewish phraseology used during late Second Temple Judaism to refer specifically to the Jewish messianic kingdom. This was clearly the common Jewish expectation, and it is the plain meaning of the phrase in the vast majority of its usage in the New Testament. -  John P. Harrigan, Discipling the Gentiles into the Hope of Israel